Rep. Thomas Massie, R-Ky., vowed Friday to vote against renewing Section 702 of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act without a warrant requirement for searching Americans' communications.

Massie posted on X that he votes with Republicans 91% of the time, but that figure will drop to 90% over FISA 702. "I won't vote to let feds spy on you without a warrant," he wrote. "FISA 702 allows the government to search for your information in vast databases compiled while targeting foreigners."

The program, which sunsets April 20 unless Congress acts, permits warrantless collection of non-U.S. persons' communications abroad but captures Americans' data incidentally. Intelligence agencies then conduct "backdoor searches" of U.S. persons' information without warrants, prompting privacy concerns.

House Republican leaders plan a floor vote on a clean 18-month extension next week after a recess, leaving little margin for defections in their slim majority. Speaker Mike Johnson opposes warrants, arguing that recent reforms suffice and probable cause is impractical.

President Trump recently endorsed the extension, reversing past criticism and pressuring GOP skeptics. Massie dismissed the shift, questioning if opponents fear scrutiny from Trump's nominee Kash Patel as FBI director.

Other conservatives, including Reps. Lauren Boebert, R-Colo., and Eric Burlison, R-Mo., echoed Massie's stance. Boebert affirmed her no vote, while Burlison cited eroding constitutional rights.

Massie has long challenged FISA 702. He co-sponsored the bipartisan Massie-Lofgren amendment to bar warrantless U.S. person searches, which passed the House in prior years but stalled elsewhere. In 2024, he voted against reauthorization amid similar debates.

The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court renewed certifications on March 17, extending operations to March 2027 despite querying compliance issues, buying time as Congress deliberates.

Separate reform efforts include Rep. Warren Davidson's Government Surveillance Reform Act and Sen. Mike Lee's bipartisan bill, both mandating warrants and closing loopholes.

Privacy advocates and progressives also demand changes, but leadership prioritizes a quick extension amid national security claims. Massie's defiance highlights persistent GOP divides on surveillance.