A secret dossier of documents, videos, and messages has emerged that provides new details on allegations that Sudan's military developed and used chlorine-based chemical weapons during its civil war against the Rapid Support Forces.

The materials, shared with major news outlets by a Middle Eastern intelligence agency, describe a program that ran for about six months in 2024. They include bomb blueprints, records of desert tests producing green-yellow vapor clouds, and references to “dual-effect” munitions filled with “choking gas.”

Internal messages indicate that roughly 290 to 300 chemical munitions were assembled and stored primarily at Merowe Air Base. Reports within the files state that 106 of the bombs were used against rebel positions.

Chlorine for the weapons was reportedly sourced in part from cylinders diverted from a water treatment plant in Khartoum and imported through an Egyptian border crossing. The documents also reference efforts to conceal the program after U.S. accusations surfaced.

The United States had previously determined that Sudan used chemical weapons in 2024 and imposed sanctions on the country and its army chief, Gen. Abdel Fattah al-Burhan. Sudan has consistently denied the claims and conducted its own investigations that found no evidence of such use.

Sudanese officials have maintained that no proof has been presented to substantiate the allegations and have called for the matter to be handled through the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons.

The dossier adds to earlier reporting, including a 2025 France 24 investigation that documented apparent chlorine gas attacks on a strategic refinery north of Khartoum in September 2024.

The civil war, which began in April 2023, has devastated Sudan and displaced millions. The emergence of these documents comes as international attention remains focused on the conflict and efforts to verify compliance with chemical weapons conventions.