The 31st Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change opens Monday in Antalya, Türkiye, for two weeks of negotiations.

Türkiye hosts the event and holds the COP31 presidency under Environment Minister Murat Kurum. Australia’s Climate Change and Energy Minister Chris Bowen serves as president of the negotiations under an arrangement reached after COP30.

The summit runs November 9 through 20 at the Antalya Expo Center. Organizers have described it as an “implementation COP,” shifting emphasis from fresh emission targets to delivering on existing national climate plans.

A leaders’ summit takes place November 11 and 12. Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan is scheduled to open proceedings alongside U.N. Secretary-General António Guterres.

The United States will not send an official delegation following their formal withdraw from the Paris Agreement earlier this year.

Key agenda items include climate finance, adaptation measures, a just transition for workers, and ocean protection. Türkiye’s Action Agenda highlights clean energy, zero waste, food and water security, resilient cities, and industrial transformation.

The presidency has set a voluntary target of raising electricity’s share of final energy demand to 35 percent by 2035. Nearly 100,000 participants are expected, along with delegations from 197 parties.

Negotiators will also address details of a new just transition mechanism and efforts to finalize a global goal on adaptation. Many countries have yet to submit updated national climate plans ahead of the talks.

The conference follows COP30 in Brazil and marks the tenth anniversary of the Paris Agreement entering into force. Discussions are expected to center on mobilizing funding for adaptation and loss and damage in developing nations.

Preparations include separate Blue and Green Zones for official talks and public events. The event comes amid ongoing debates over the economic costs of rapid energy transitions and the effectiveness of past commitments.