Rep. Nancy Mace, R-S.C., introduced the American Citizenship Integrity Act Thursday, targeting businesses and individuals who facilitate birth tourism, a practice in which foreign nationals travel to the United States to give birth with the goal of obtaining U.S. citizenship for their children.

The legislation would classify recruiting, transporting or harboring a noncitizen for that purpose as “trafficking,” with penalties of up to 15 years in prison per offense and up to 30 years for criminal organizations. The bill would also establish an interagency task force led by the attorney general and secretary of Homeland Security to investigate and prosecute birth-tourism operations.

The proposal comes as the Trump administration and congressional Republicans pursue additional measures targeting birth tourism. The House Oversight Committee held a September 1 hearing examining businesses that market maternity services to foreign women seeking to give birth in the United States.

The Center for Immigration Studies has estimated that between 20,000 and 26,000 children may be born to birth tourists in the United States each year, although that estimate is based on data from 2016 and 2017. Research Director Steven Camarota told the House hearing that the estimate would amount to roughly 200,000 to 300,000 births over a decade if the trend continued.

The legislation follows executive actions by President Donald Trump aimed at restricting birth tourism. In August, Trump directed the State Department and Department of Homeland Security to take additional steps against the practice, including preventing entry or revoking visas or travel authorizations for foreign nationals who engage in it.

Mace's bill would also designate a federal prosecutor in every judicial district to coordinate birth-tourism and citizenship-fraud cases. The legislation now moves to Congress for consideration.